Target Goes Rad/Red at Louis Sullivan's Carson Pirie Scott

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Business Week writer Matt Townsend is calling it Target's "most radical experiment since bringing designer goods to the masses 15 years ago," and it's right here on State Street, in the landmark building Louis Sullivan designed over a century past for Carson Pirie Scott.  The department chain, like Lord and Taylor, decided there wasn't much future in Chicago's center city, and shut down their flagship State Street store in 2007.

Yet even as traditional department store chains deep-sixed the downtowns,  the competitors who have been eating their lunch - big box retailers like Target, who built their empires on cheap suburban land, vast parking lots and warehouse-styled stores - are now turning to the city as the best bet to keep their companies growing.

According to the Business Week story, in the first quarter of 2012, Target has added but one new location.   The smaller-sized State Street store is a prototype for growth via moving into downtown.  And so they're working on re-calculating their winning formula - athletic clothes rather than women's apparel at the entrance, smaller sizes and product lines suitable for apartment dwellers,  and - window displays.  The State Street store will be the first Target ever to use window mannequins. 

A DSW Shoe outlet has just opened south of Target, in the last Carson's addition on State Street, the design handed over, not to Sullivan, but to Burnham.  And more big changes for State Street on our their way.  Burlington Coat factory is going into the space recently vacated by Filene's Basement at 1 North State, and Old Navy is leaving its flagship store at State and Washington for smaller digs in the former Border's store at State and Randolph.  While The Gap told the Sun-Times' David Roeder that they'll continue to use the Washington Street building for "other concepts", the sale of the building last year for $23,000,000 would indicate that new, taller construction may be in line for the site, once home to W.W. Boyington's 16-story Columbus Building.

 Target is scheduled for a July opening, with other in-city stores set for L.A. Seattle and San Francisco.  You can read the Business Week article - and see a striking rendering for the L.A. store - here.

Boyington's Kenwood United Church goes landmark, plus on State Street: Hello Columbus?

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At today's meeting of the Commission on Chicago Landmarks, landmark designation begins for the Kenwood United church of Christ, at 4600 South Greenwood, designed in 1887-1888 by one of Chicago's most active early architects, William W. Boyington.

As always, the Commission staff, in this case Terry Tatum, Lisa Napoles and Nikki Ricks, with Brian Goeken editing, have come up with another first-rate report, 39 pages on the building, its architect, style and time, with a wealth of  great photographs, both historic and current, a small sampling of which you see here.  It's not up on the website yet, but I'm sure it soon will be, and then you'll find it here.  As I mentioned before, these reports are some of the best Chicago history you can find, and you can download the stories of dozens of Chicago landmarks there.

Kenwood United is a perfect example of the trickle-down theory as it applies to architecture.  Built in 1887 as the nondenominational Kenwood Evangelical Church for Chicago's economic elite at a time when the Kenwood neighborhood, then a suburb of Chicago, was described as the "Lake Forest of the south",  membership evolved as the "L" began to bring the common rabble down to the newly constructed apartment blocks that were taking the place of the old mansions.  The congregation was disbanded  in 1954, and the building was handed over the Kenwood-Ellis Community Church, which "had been founded in 1948 to serve Japanese-Americans that lived in the neighborhood as a result of World War II-era relocations."  It's now the Kenwood United Church of Christ, led since 1980 by Rev. Dr. Leroy Sanders, serving the now primarily Afro-American community with both spiritual and social services.

According to the Commission's report, the church was designed in the Romanesque style made popular at the time at Henry Hobbs Richardson . . .

The building’s rough-textured granite and sandstone walls, corner bell tower, round-arched entrances, windows and tower openings, and foliate-detailed columns and sculptural panels comprise a textbook example of this architectural style. A 1924 gymnasium wing by architects Chatten and Hammond is designed in a modest twentieth-century variation on the Romanesque Revival and complements the older church building.

W.W. Boyington was on of Chicago's original architects, arriving in the city in 1853, and designing a large number of the city's most prominent buildings, including the original Board of Trade.  Only a handful survive, most famously the Chicago Water Tower and Pumping Station, whose design was ridiculed by no less than Oscar Wilde ("a monstrosity with pepper boxes stuck all over it."), but which, as a survivor of the Great Fire of 1871, has become a symbol of the city.

Boyington would live until 1898, and one of his most impressive concoctions was the 1892 Columbus Memorial Building, a million-dollar, 16 story skyscraper at State and Washington that was a symbol of the city's wealth. "A million dollars is a large sum to expend . . . when a building costing from $650,000 to $750,000 would  in all probability bring in the same rental," commented the Chicago Tribune, as quoted in Daniel Bluestone's invaluable book, Constructing Chicago.

Above the entrance arch . . . they placed a ten foot high statue of Christopher Columbus that had been sculpted in Rome.   . . The grand entrance for the building was twelve feet high and rose to the third story.  The lower two floors of the building were clad in statuary bronze . . . An octagonal  corner tower on the roof supported an illuminated glass globe of the world on which a cut jewel indicated the location of Chicago.

Vanitas Vanitatum, Omnia Vanitas.  The Columbus was unceremoniously destroyed in 1959 for a one-story "taxpayer" building - so called because it was designed to generate just enough revenue to cover real estate taxes while awaiting a more lucrative development - which was home for decades for Lebolt Jewelers.

That building was demolished, in turn, for the current State Street flagship of Old Navy. Now, over half a century after the destruction of the Columbus Building, that more lucrative development may finally be on tap.  Crain's Chicago Business reported last month that a New York company has acquired the Old Navy property for a cool $23,000,000, a price that can't be justified except by replacing the current structure with a high-rise.  Just don't expect anything like the Columbus's grandeur.

And the cycle continues.

Moses Ezekiel's Columbus Statue, once placed above the entrance of W.W. Boyington's demolished 1892 Columbus building, now in Arrigo Park at Loomis and Polk.